1421: THE YEAR CHINA DISCOVERED THE WORLD (PAPERBACK) Download PDF 1421: The Year China Discovered The World (Paperback) Authored by Gavin Menzies Released at 2004 Filesize: 8.01 MB To open the data 0le, you will need Adobe Reader software program. of Chinese in California, but no clear evidence that a treasure eet ever visited those shores. From 618 AD to 907 AD all foreign, relations were banned in China. year and latitude of the observation points. August 1937[1] in London) ist ein britischer Schriftsteller und ehemaliger Kommandant der Royal Navy. Review By Dan Gibson for Nabataea, All figure content in this area was uploaded by Dan Gibson, All content in this area was uploaded by Dan Gibson on Dec 09, 2017, In this book Gavin Menzies, a British submarine captain puts forward the claim, that Chinese admirals traveled around the world visiting every corner of the globe in. This site is a legacy site for Gavin Menzies. Menzies’ argument can be summed up by a statement he makes on page 415. This opinionated essay discusses the role of intellectual and instrumental values in scientific fields, and the way these values evolve due to internal and external forces. Menzies then goes on to describe at great length how the Chinese told time in, order to calculate longitude. Wubei Zhi, The Records of Armaments and Military Provisions, Wu Pei Chih, Pp. Beijing’s Forbidden City – completed in 1421 ‐ was a thousand times larger than the walled City of London. Xi Uang Ji's voyage recorded in the Hsi-Yang-Chi, Hsi-Yang Chi-An Interpretation In stock on December 2, 2020. Christopher Ingold Laboratories, University College London, U.K. deeds” by Aeneas Sylvius (who later became P, 1477. Gavin Menzies (1937-2020) was the bestselling author of 1421: The Year China Discovered America; 1434: The Year a Magnificent Chinese Fleet Sailed to Italy and Ignited the Renaissance; and The Lost Empire of Atlantis: History's Greatest Mystery Revealed. P. direct evidence that the great treasure eets of Zheng He ever took part in this trade. 4.5 out of 5 stars 355. In 1433, this exploration suddenly ceased. 1421. As part of the defeat agreement, Taiwan was handed over to Japan. It was set up in 2002 and for 18 years served as a focal point for ongoing research into pre-Columbian exploration of the world. In 520 pages, Menzies puts together a fantastic account of seven incredible voyages. With Larry Belling, Esmond Bradley Martin. slowly expanded so that Chinese junks began sailing to East China seas once again. time, and had periods of history where leaving their shores was strictly forbidden? 7, No. From about twenty charts and Mappae Mundi: these ar, of Hind, (India) and from the maps just drawn b, drawn by Colombo in the western region I have extr, one scale this nal form was arrived at. Reading like a real-life Indiana Jones story The Lost Empire of Atlantis takes us on an epic journey around the world to finally uncover the truth behind the mystery of Atlantis. He talks about “. A new exhibition sets the scene, presenting new evidence that lends support to the assumptions made in "1421: The Year China Discovered America" by Gavin Menzies. It was Arabs who invented, It was Arabs who brought merchant trade to China. Menzies continues his errors into the next chapter, Portuguese simply did not have the capacity to survey the islands with such accuracy - for the. He then uses the highly questionable, mentions that Needham states that there are more than 20 dier, journeys when of course the Chinese could have simply journeyed north overland. "The book '1421, The Year China Discovered America' is a fairytale and a fiction" An article by Dr Geoff Wade, history expert, National University of Singapore. Rather than researching the writings of various scholars on either, side of this argument, Menzies looks at some Arab maps in the British Library and dismissed, the Arabs since they could not tell time, assuming that this was the only way to calculate. crossing the seas for many centuries. Ancient Chinese script carved into rocks may prove Asians lived in New World 3,300 years ago. they accurately charted the entire world with greatest accuracy 19 years later! 1421: The Year China Discovered America (2002) 1434: The Year a Magnificent Chinese Fleet Sailed to Italy and Ignited the Renaissance (2008) The Lost Empire of Atlantis: History's Greatest Mystery Revealed (2011) Who Discovered America? , Roderich Ptak, Chinese Literature: Essays, See the article published in Analytical Chemistry, A. Reoccuring strife between Arabs and Chinese in Canton. Needham, Joseph, Science and Civilisation in China, Vol. See also: Editorial Introduction to Nicolò de' Conti's Account, Kennon Breazeale. To find out more please visit www.1421foundation.org. Controversial historian Gavin Menzies is claiming that this map from 1418 proves that the New World was discovered by China's Admiral Zheng He some 70 years before Columbus. He admits that the Portuguese learned from, the Arabs that the Spice Islands could be reached by sailing west, rather than east. China was the world's greatest maritime power in the early 15th century, raising the theory that the Chinese discovered America 71 years before Columbus set sail. This fascinating documentary examines the mystery surrounding the sailing exploits of the legendary Admiral Zhen He and his 30 year command of a gigantic Ming fleet. The website has been invaluable in providing new information pertinent to Gavin and the team's research, as well as a means of refining the hypotheses by corrections and amendments that we receive from our readers. Chinese calendar: 庚子年 (Metal ... 1421 MCDXXI: Korean calendar: 3754: Minguo calendar: 491 before ROC 民前491年: Nanakshahi calendar −47: Thai solar calendar: 1963–1964: Tibetan calendar: 阳金鼠年 (male Iron-Rat) 1547 or 1166 or 394 — to — 阴金牛年 (female Iron-Ox) 1548 or 1167 or 395: Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1421. He mentions, the Portuguese Cantino map of 1502 and then states …”, information obtained from the Chinese voyages of 1421-3 arose from Portuguese historian, had maps of the east, never mentioning China. 1421: Year China Discovered America? Menzies’ next chapter on an expedition to the N, fact that the Chinese had square rigged shipped and would have had a hard time sailing, west, unless they had traveled around Greenland. 2, Autumn 2004. Take me to 1421 », In 1434, Gavin Menzies offers a stunning reappraisal of history, presenting compelling new evidence on the European Renaissance, tracing its roots to China. So we apparently have evidence. Why does he ask questions that. or EZ Username Phone (Last four digits) or EZ Password. While the book is in French, the review is in English. This website is a legacy site for Gavin Menzies. 117-141. e, Caribbean section was taken from a map made by Columbus. Columbus discovered America in 1492, any elementary school student will tell you. All rights reserved. The Chinese had circumnavigated the world and provided this information to the courts of Europe. longitude! Much of Menzies, What is puzzling about this is that Menzies lists a number of scholars in his, footnotes that all clearly communicate what the notes on the side of the map state. 1491 (Second Edition): New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus Charles C. Mann. very self focused, occupied with invading nomadic barbarians for great periods of. In the center of the rock is a further inscription and a cross which documents, It seems that the author is feeding us fables. astrolabe, which Arab navigators used to guide the Portuguese and others across the world. The 1421 Research, Education and Exploration Foundation is a US-based non-profit foundation set up to fund ongoing research into pre-Columbian trans-oceanic exploration. Take me to Who Discovered America? suggesting that the Chinese and the Mayans used an identical method. 215-216, Reoccuring strife between Arabs and Chinese in Canton. Review of Dans trente ans la Chine by Robert Guillain; La Construction du socialisme en Chine by Charles Bettelheim. ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any citations for this publication. But was it the Chinese? It has been a national holiday in the United States since 1937. 1421: The Year China Discovered America Gavin Menzies. Why does M, not tell us that Megallan had access to Arab maps? But for some reason Menzies thinks this is somehow proof of a Chinese connection! Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website. There is a great theory put forward by Gavin Menzies in his book: "1421 The Year China Discovered the World" and offers a solution how these "Germanic scholars based in the mountains of eastern France" could have come up with such a solution. The book, 1421: The Year China discovered the World, made the controversial claim that a Chinese admiral and eunuch, Zheng He, sailed around the world and discovered America on the way. Remember Me (lasts for 2 weeks, or until you log out) On the other hand, the ancient Arab sailors had lug sails, or triangular sails that allowed, their ships to tack, and sail virtually against the wind. e emperor banned all merchants from going, abroad. Illustrated. crossing the Atlantic than the slow square rigged junks that Menzies is trying to convince us about. 1421: The Year China Discovered America? e proofs given by M, only bring us to the conclusion that the Americas had been visited before the Portuguese, arrived. In his bestselling book, "1421: The Year China Discovered America," British amateur historian Gavin Menzies turns the story of the Europeans' discovery of America on its ear with a startling idea: Chinese sailors beat Christopher Columbus to the Americas by more than 70 years. 552 pp. After 14 pages of describing Arab accomplishments, the, Chinese are suddenly credited with the production of the maps! Paperback. © 2008-2020 ResearchGate GmbH. 4.5 out of 5 stars 344. “…who originally provided the information to enable, is section shows in what way this map was drawn. Da Conti's journals mentioned in John Framption's The most noble and famous I. be entertaining to see what else this author conjures up as evidence of the Chinese. Recommended Citation. The Records of Armaments and Military Provisions. Directed by David Wallace. Join ResearchGate to find the people and research you need to help your work. I believe that Menzies has done what many others before him have done. 4.3 out of 5 stars 189. If you would like to keep up to date with our research, please enter your email address here to subscribe to our newsletter. See also: Editorial Introduction to Nicolò de' Conti's advised the explorers to take along Arabic speaking men not Chinese speaking men! $27.95. Should we bother to read on? He fails, to point out the miserable map-mapping skills of the Chinese in 1402, but claims that. tend to mislead naive readers? DVD,This special examines the theories outlined by Gavin Menzies in his best-selling book. Let’, Menzies claims on page 103 that there are inscriptions on a large red sandstone, rock some 3 meters high, standing on the Cape V, he photographed. infers and wants us to believe that the T, where he obtained the information for that section. is lack, of footnoting is very frustrating as the reader cannot check further into Menzies’ sources. To find out more about what is being done to further Gavin’s work today, please visit The 1421 Foundation, Greatly expanding on 1421, Gavin Menzies and Ian Hudson uncover the complete untold history of how mankind came to populate the Americas - by multiple seaborne voyages over a period of thousands of years. On page 332 Menzies claims to have examined a collection of old Arab maps and states, to the Cantino of 1502. It is commonly said that "Columbus discovered America." I concluded that it could only have been the Chinese. In 1421 China was a great imperial power. ere is no question that, the Chinese sailed into the southern hemisphere (Chie ang Shu is a good example), ey assuredly sailed through the Philippines and may have explored Australia and N, straight that separated South America from Antarctica, and that he sailed straight, for it presumably because he had maps showing where the straight was.He then infers, that the Portuguese gained this information from the Chinese. He describes the local people as: “, some of them incline more to whiteness: others are of yellow colour, sweet and pleasant countenance… e women are of the conformity and beauty; very handsome, and well favoured, of pleasant countenance and comely to behold; they are as well-manner, continent as any woman, and of good education …. Menzies fails to prove this. Ltd. (1986). CDN$23.75. en in 1421 China broke with their traditional history and launched, a eet of merchant ships. 1421: The Year China Discovered America Gavin Menzies. 2, No. nd evidence for the Chinese that he simply missed such an important statement. Paperback. #history #1421 #zhenghe #columbuswaslast, “FILLED WITH EXCITEMENT, JUST AS YOU'D EXPECT FROM SOMEONE PROPOUNDING ONE OF THE MOST REVOLUTIONARY IDEAS IN THE HISTORY OF HISTORY.”, “A HISTORICAL DETECTIVE, AS WELL AS A SCHOLAR, [WHO] ADDS TO OUR KNOWLEDGE OF THE WORLD, PAST AND PRESENT.”. 1421, The Year China Discovered the World But Menzies is convinced that, Da Conti sailed with the Chinese around Africa to the shores of P. up and then implies that the Portuguese must have gotten their maps from the Chinese. e same goes for the following chapter where Menzies describes (pg 276) how explorer, Chinese as the book supposes or were these people of other races? Er stellte die umstrittene Hypothese auf, dass Amerika und andere Gebiete der Erde in den Jahren 1421 bis 1423 von den Chinesen im Rahmen einer Weltumsegelung entdeckt wurden. In a theory proposed by Gavin Menzies, supposedly the year that Chinese explorer Hong Bao and Zhou Wen discovered the Americas, beating Columbus by about 70 years. convince historians that he has uncovered any solid evidence to support his claims. e huge eet of Admiral Zheng He made at least one, voyage around the Indian ocean before China again became self focused. Account, Kennon Breazeale, East-West Center, SOAS Bulletin of Burma Research, Needham, Joseph, Science and Civilization in China: Volume 4, Physics and Did people actually trade across the Pacic? Presents a startling journey of adventure and exploration that could turn the conventional view of world history on its head. Menzies pieces together many, types of circumstantial evidence, but do they stand up to scrutiny? Is, Menzies deliberately trying to mislead us by failing to tell us about them or was his, research so sloppy that he missed such an important point (which undermines every. en from 1264 AD - 1356 AD sea trade was. Only 10 left in stock. It identifies two sources of the decline of intellectual values within a scientific ... A review of Dans les coulisses du Proche-Orient: Mémoires d’un journaliste diplomate (1952–2012) by Eric Rouleau. 18 : Iss.1 , Article 19. India is on the right, the Arabian P, center and Africa, lled with a lake is on the left. 1421 is a very late date to discover the. Library ID (No Spaces!) Take me to 1434 », Reading like a real-life Indiana Jones story The Lost Empire of Atlantis takes us on an epic journey around the world to finally uncover the truth behind the mystery of Atlantis. the authors give a detailed account of how the Americas were populated by seaborne voyages over the years... '1421' and '1434' explore the Chinese contribution to world discovery, and to the Italian Renaissance respectively. N, matter, if the evidence is true, then it points to a single Chinese junk being blown o course, across the Pacic where it nally crashes on the N, wreck and seek shelter in California, eventually starting their own colony inland, far from the, sea. CDN$24.73. Book Review In 1421: The Year China Discovered America, Gavin Menzies presents evidence that China not only discovered North and South America before Columbus was born, but also rounded the Cape of Good Hope, explored the North and South Poles, discovered Australia, and circumnavigated the world, visiting every continent except Europe. Below the rock is writing that has not been translated. It should be pointed out though that Mr. Ruskamp was not the first to claim that the Chinese first discovered America. Vol. Articles, Reviews Vol. But Menzies is convinced that it was the Chinese. 559-561, 577. Menzies provides us with, only one Portuguese-Chinese connection through Da Conti, who returned from the East, by 1424, in disguise because he had converted to Islam. Menzies then claims. By Gavin Menzies. So, he assumes that if it was not the Arabs, then it MUST have been the Chinese! S. no pictures, no pen drawings, and no further mention of it, not even on the website. e rest of the, chapter presents long argued opinions on cross-Atlantic trade, this time however with, a Chinese twist. This comes as a surprise to those of us who know for a fact that America was discovered by Prince Madoc ab Owain Gwynedd in 1170. If only Menzies had bothered to read the notes on the side of the P, map, where it boldly proclaims that Arab sailors visited the shores of North and S. America during the time of the Ptolemy rulers, he might have written a dierent book! In this century there is no, Men have come hither (to Iceland) from Cathay in the Orient, as far back as 721 AD the Chinese had realized, ” Bravo. e Chinese were meticulous, in writing their histories, and no mention is made of Admiral Zhen He’, very strong evidence to support his claims. Gavin Menzies, a retired submarine lieutenant claimed the Chinese had sailed to North American in 1421, a full 30 years before Christopher Columbus was even born. Take me to Atlantis ». is kind of speculation is. 1, Cambridge 1954, pp China’s regional dominance plummeted after losing and influenced a series of internal clashes over the next 16 years. Phoenicians. Report of the President’s Commission on Implementation of United States Space Exploration Policy Moon, Mars and Beyond … June 2004 A Journey to Inspire, Innovate, and Discover . world, as other nations had been sailing the oceans of the world for centuries before this. Gavin Menzies (voller Name: Rowan Gavin Paton Menzies) (* 14. If you do not have Adobe Reader already installed on your computer, you can download the installer and instructions free from the … von Saher, Herbert (2004) "THE RIDDLE OF PRE-CONTACT WORLD MAPs and a review of 1421, the Year China Discovered America by Gavin Menzies (Harper-Collins, New York, 2002) Review," Rapa Nui Journal: Journal of the Easter Island Foundation: Vol. It appears that M, totally missed the fact that the Arabs were the sea merchants of the Indian Ocean (and, beyond) from the time of Christ until the 1500’, and Persian merchants living in Canton China! Menzies’ chapter on the rst colony in America proposes that a Chinese junk sank, in the Sacramento River and that the survivors built a colony about seventy miles north-west, of the wreck. Although the Arabs understood ho, they never mastered how to measure time, with the necessary accuracy, achieved, and hence the Arabs could not have produced the Cantino or the, And so in two sentences, Menzies dismissed an age old question of who developed, these technologies rst. that the Chinese carved these Malayalam inscriptions, which he never translates for us. At the end of the printed text are. Zheng He, a Muslim mariner and explorer, is widely thought to have sailed around South East Asia and India, but the claim he visited America is hotly disputed. Pigmentary Materials on the Vinland Map and. Menzies Thesen werden von Fachhistorikern als Fiktion abgelehnt. Menzies’ book is the only one suggesting such an idea, and he does little to. 1434: The Year a Magnificent Chinese Fleet Sailed to Italy and Ignited the Renaissance Gavin Menzies. We are very sorry to write to tell you that … Read more, SL Lee’s research paper proves that China mapped America before … Read more, 1421Foundation https://t.co/XIjUVSoCGx I am writing a paper on ancient Islamic Qiblas, based on my understanding from the Bedouin. Ptolemy devised maps and globes with latitude and longitude some 500 years earlier, mention the Arab science of Qiyās which was the early science behind the development of the. Did, China travel the world, carefully mapping out distant coasts along Antarctica and, America? It was the world’s most populous country, with a large landmass and a scientifically advanced population. priests as being the rst documentation of Portuguese sailors setting foot on, Island. 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