Limit 15 files total and 100 mb/s max size. The filter frame is typically constructed from a heavy gauge galvanized steel with vertical stiffeners and appropriate frame-to-frame sealant and/or gaskets to provide a rigid leak tight assembly. An exterior row of three or four offices in a commercial office building, for example, may be considered a small HVAC zone because the occupant density and usage patterns are similar. Older models have sail switches which close when air flow is present in the ductwork. Other types of switches or air flow proving methods may be employed to ensure there is airflow before allowing the remote duct mounted electric heater to be energized. The voltage which feeds these electric heat strips is high voltage of 240V for residential and 277V for commercial systems. Electric is 100% efficient but it costs more to produce the same amount of per BTU as compared to other ways of converting fuels to heat. There are many different types of gas furnaces used to provide heating. Your Resource for HVAC Air Handling Unit Component Information. Air Handling Units And Components Incorporated in the year 2006 , we, Kailco International , have established ourselves as eminent firms engaged in manufacturing and supplying a wide range of Cooling Unit, Cold Room Unit, Water Chiller, Tube Heat Exchanger, Steam Radiators and many more . See the About the Author page for information about the author of this article. Air Handling Unit (AHU) HVAC Systems, AHU Control & Troubles1hooting 8 Supply duct fan vibration connection Cooling Coil Filter Section Return Duct 9. Search Products And Discover New Innovations In Your Industry!! In this case, the indications in the OEM manual are valid and the service handbook in hand has only general or complementary character for the relating components. Both parallel- or opposed-blade dampers can be used for controlling the overall proportions of the airstreams, but pressure relationships and sizing for wide-open and/or modulating pressure drops needs to be considered. Circuit protection and wire size for electrical resistance type heating needs to meet the NEC code for safety purposes. 5.9 HVAC Systems and Components. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. All air conditioning systems, heaters and ventilators have AHU to condition and purify the atmosphere. Building managers look to provide an efficient Air Handling and Ventilation Units – through the use of simple ventilation units to air replacement and air handling units in order to provide a comfortable environment in private and public buildings. Much of the metal for the AHUs is galvanized, or of aluminum or similar construction as necessary, for long-term protection and strength and typically can be painted as required. Depending on the flue temperatures and the efficiency of the air handling unit furnace will depend on the type of flue used. For each KW the BTU output will be 3415. Fan efficiencies, sound levels, and redundancies are also considerations in fan selections. access and space requirements). Hastings tradition of excellence in Air Handling Equipment is demonstrated by the flexible and modular SB Series. We built air cooled units as large as 550 tons and Evaporative condensed units to well over 400 tons and water cooled condensed units to 300 tons. When you need a new Trane air handler installed in your home, call Air on Demand for proper unit selection and installation service. In the case of air re-circulation, the fresh air is also called make-up air. Courtesy: Stanley Consultants Inc. By definition, AHUs are used to condition and/or circulate air as part of an HVAC system. The sky is the limit when it comes to designing an air handler. HVAC System Components 6. Mixing sections, fresh air inlet and exhaust plenums consist of a modular section manufactured as previously described and are fitted with parallel or opposed blade multileaf dampers according to performance requirements. As an example, assume an AHU supplies 100,000 cfm using a 125 hp SF, the fan heat is calculated as: 125 hp = (0.746 kW/hp) x 3,413 Btu/h/kW = 318,262 Btu/h. In addition, AHU appurtenances are equipment or components that may be added to an AHU for purposes, including but not limited to, control, isolation, safety, static pressure regain, and wear. The first set of filters are typically the cheapest to replace and thus maintain, while succeeding sets are more expensive to replace. a 100% outside air unit), while others will have mixing plenums. Refer to Figure 4, a typical AHU schematic which illustrates multiple options for component positions within an AHU. The function of each set of filters is to help extend the life and improve the efficiency of the next set of filters. Filters should also be Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL) classified. There must be a way to prove air flow before the furnace can fire. These small, terminal-type AHUs are referred to as fan coil units (FCUs) or blower coil units (BCUs), based on size and capacity. The tubes may be staggered or installed in line with respect to the airflow, and can come in various styles to enhance performance. The filters are placed within a filter holding frame assembly or racking system that could be configured as either flat, or of an angular bank arrangement. That being said, many manufacturers provide the best engineering to ensure safety of their appliances but accidents do happen. An air handling unit where (1) is the supply air, (2) fan section, (3) vibration isolator, (4) cooling coil, (5) filter and (6) mixed air duct. An HVAC system’s AHU may contain other components necessary to perform a combination of the four basic psychrometric processes of cooling, heating, dehumidification, and humidification. The basics of gas furnace components are covered in detailed components of gas furnaces in the gas furnace section. High-efficiency furnaces or two stage heating furnaces typically have an induced or forced draft motor which pulls or pushes the combustion gasses through the combustion chamber(s) and forces the combustion gases out to the flue for ventilation. The inlet and/or mixing plenum will almost always contain other AHU components such as control dampers and filters, and may have other devices such as an air flow measuring stations. by High Performance HVAC | Air Handlers | 0 comments. For heating systems, there are heating coils used for this purpose. Classification for HVAC air filters confirms that the filters will meet local and state requirements for most applications, and particularly in accordance with the standards of the NFPA. The coil programs default to this configuration. If you want to include a description then do so here. The next level of AHUs could be considered semi-custom, highly flexible, but cataloged, AHUs that can be selected to meet most any commercial, institutional, or even industrial applications. In this picture an air flow measuring station is shown in the vertical section of the OA ductwork. Air handlers contain one of two cooling elements: chilled water or refrigerant. There is no need to fully open or fully close a damper (except in emergencies or when off-line), and splitting the OA damper will help limit the dampers to their respective portions and can be used for controlling the required airflows more efficiently. Photo 1 indicates a variety of AHUs of different size arranged on the rooftop of a building. For air handling units which some have heating systems inside the five main ways of providing heat for air handling units are: Electric heat is probably the most used type of heating systems in commercial systems for VAV boxes and in some residential especially for the back-up heat source for heat pumps. Courtesy: Stanley Consultants Inc. Automatic control damper assemblies within the mixing plenum should be corrosion resistant and, because mixing and controlling the amounts of OA and RA airstreams is sometimes critical, the selection, size, and orientation and location of the dampers is important. A conventional Air Handling System has 4 sub-systems: 1. AHUs should have thermal breaks built into the structural components to alleviate any thermal pathways within the outer confines of the unit. Outside the air handling unit it is necessary for field wiring to the proper size. For any good project design, HVAC designers must have a working knowledge of psychrometrics. A designer can select a coil that is not counter-flow, but the coil’s performance will be reduced, based on its size, by anywhere from 8% to 12%. This section is the mixing plenum with the associated OA and RA dampers (OAD and RAD, respectively), and with the filters represented a little further to the right. AHUs can be small, used in local environmental spaces, and include minimal components such as: a fan or blower, a single heat transfer coil, and filter(s). Designers need to understand that this is an additional load for the building load calculations (cooling as well as heating) for which it must be accounted. Many optional components can also be added and may include: air-to-air, fixed-plate heat exchangers, sensible and total energy wheels, and face-and-bypass dampers. It typically is constructed around a framing system with insulated roofing, flooring, and side panels, sometimes built in modules, sections, or splits as required for the overall configuration of the components. During economizer mode, this RA damper would be closed. The components of an AHU are the blower, heating/cooling elements, mixing chamber, filtration, dampers, and controls. Safety switches in the air handling unit control wiring provide additional fire hazard protection. 2. Hot water, steam and cold water are among other conditioning elements used for this purpose. Additionally, considerations for the type of flue used are the vicinity of combustible materials near the flue. One of the first AHU appurtenances to be considered from those mentioned above is the inlet air section for the AHU. SB Series - Air Handling Unit Applications General Ventilation Heating Cooling . Heat exchangers and flues have minuscule failure rates but these failures do occur. Copyright© 2020 HighPerformanceHVAC.com |. A mixing plenum is where the different airstreams of outside air (OA) and RA mix prior to being conditioned for delivery of the supply air to the building. A return fan may be needed to assist in overcoming static pressures to get the RA back to the AHU; or, typically because of air-side economizer applications and/or building pressurization controls may require a return fan and/or an exhaust fan application. Psychrometrics is the study of the thermodynamics of air and its moisture content (or air/vapor mixtures), and is used to analyze conditions and processes which require control of moisture content and temperature. These modules can be stacked or arranged in a variety of configurations to address a project’s constraints (i.e. Coils are typically selected using coil programs, with the performance dictated by the system designer and provided by a manufacturer’s representative that is providing the various options included in the AHU. as their primary function is to filter out dirt and other contaminants and protect the AHU’s other components. When the blower energizes to provide airflow the sail switch closes and allows the electric heat control circuit to energize if necessary. jpe, jpeg, jpg, gif, png, bmp, docx, doc, txt and PDF files allowed to be uploaded. Air Handling Components We supply a wide range of equipment to assist in the manufacture of Air Handling Units, Fume Cupboards and Filter Housings etc. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience. Using the sensible heat equation below, the airstream temperature rise can be determined as: (T1 – T2) = 318,262 Btu/h / (1.085 x 100,000). ASHRAE Guideline 16 – 2014 Selecting Outdoor, Return, and Relief Dampers for Air-Side Economizer Systems can be referenced for input on these dampers as well as for relief dampers during economizer mode of operation. Share your HVAC Photos or ask a question about your HVAC System by uploading a photo of it. A custom AHU may be used if there are special application or capacity requirements for the project beyond standard manufactured equipment, there are physical size constraints, or abnormal inlet and outlet connections. In addition, steam coils must be pitched to the return end of the coil. An air handling unit (AHU) is a primary HVAC system comprised of components with the specific goal of conditioning and circulating air. Some AHUs have simple inlet only plenum sections ( e.g operation this oil delivery line should not have heat... 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