To handle such unexpected situations, contingency plans are made. You can feel more confident when things don't go as planned. This one is an extended version of the basic strategic planning model and is used by established organizations which aim at introducing an improved strategic process. analyzing information, problem-solving, decision-making, critical thinking, etc. The effective functioning of different departments of organizations like sales, purchase, IT, HR, finance among others depends on planning their systems, optimum use of resources, etc. These are step-by-step inter-related activities to be performed and require different resources like money, manpower, machinery, etc. Planning and decision-making are the most important managerial functions, and there are many relations between them. To learn from what’s already happened, step back to check. Plans are formulated at each level i.e. For example, in an organization business budget is present that includes fixed and variable costs, expected sales, profits, etc. Planning is connected to a process, and it is an important element of planning. The foundation of planning is decision-making. For example, the goal of the marketing team of an engineering college is to increase the number of students by increasing marketing promotional activities. A decision with risk requires the use of your judgment and good judgment is learned through practice and experience; i.e., oddly enough, probably in making bad decisions and learning from them. For example, decisions related to expanding the operation of an organization to other countries, launching a new product, introducing performance management system for the first time to the employees are non-programmed decisions where decision-making is a challenging task and these decisions are mostly taken by management or at the top-level. For example, changing leave structure or office timings are policy-related decisions. These decisions come under the preview of the top management and leave a long-term impact. Self-reflection that is poorly executed due to unresolved issues becomes evident in subsequent poor planning and flawed decisions at a later stage. Therefore, the results might be ambiguous. This step in the decision-making process not only includes the analysis of different alternatives available or solutions but also an examination of each one of them based on results they are going to produce. Write a summary of what was discussed about “Planning: Decision Making” on October 3, 2020. Decisions are affected by the policies of an organization. There are a variety of ways in which we make decisions, such as decision trees, force field analysis, lists of pros and cons, talking to friends and family, and so forth. Anyone’s reaction to a particular situation is more likely to depend on the individual’s values, likes and dislikes, thoughts, and beliefs. Reflection On Self Development Through Reflection 1854 Words | 8 Pages. Due to this, the planning process can’t be detailed in some organizations. Sometimes, additional information is also required to define better alternatives. In everyday life, all of us make and execute certain plans to achieve our goals. All these tasks require creating an effective plan which consists of certain activities for the successful execution of a trip. For example, manpower planning or human resource planning is a crucial planning process which ensures the right kind of people at the right place, and at the right time to fulfil the right type of jobs in the organizations. Name: Aladino I. Bernaldez III Subject: MGT 215: Organization and Management Course: MPSM – 1 Date: October 14, 2020 Reflection Paper 10.2 On Planning: Decision Making 1. Decision-making process requires creativity and logical thinking. Strategic planning is meant for long-term business decisions. These are quick decisions and don’t require deep thinking or analysis. Attractive monetary and non-monetary benefits can be designed through proper planning which is helpful in boosting the morale of the staff. It is also called alternate plans as it comes under picture once other plans fail to produce desired results. Planning demands work under predefined policies and rigid processes. HR managers have a great task of simplifying complex information and deducing facts especially while interviewing and selecting candidates. It helps in identifying any gaps in planning i.e. This essential text brings together in one place the inextricably linked concepts of professional development, reflective practice and decision-making. -What goals have to be achieved and what strategies to use? 0% Complete. Different departments or functions of an organization like sales, IT, production, purchase, accounts, or HR take operations decisions. The information provided by the instructors is their own and has not been verified by iJaipuria & they are also not responsible for the truthfulness of the information. A strategic plan starts with the vision and the mission statement of an organization. -Who will be responsible for different activities? It is also one of the important management functions and effective decision-making leads to fulfilling expected goals by sorting out different problems related to such decisions. A time of communication, joy and bonding had become a painful experience, leading to lack of interest in any activity related to food or eating, making it more of a chore . Simultaneous and a number of decisions make a plan. The trade-unions may also hinder a smooth planning process. Problem identification is necessary for furthering the decision-making process. All the above management functions involve effective planning as without proper planning no function can be performed well. Planning helps in organizing these resources carefully. Planning is mainly of four types i.e. The essay reflects the critical personal reflection on decision making in a scenario with discussion on what issues emerged during the situations and the decisions made and how they could have been dealt with the use of models and frameworks related to decision making process. gap between actual results and expected results. A linear analogue scale assessed the extent to which the plan ... gether in making decisions … Planning is focused on defining organizational goals or objectives, identifying different action plans, deciding and implementing the best action plan to achieve goals. For example, a decision regarding higher studies whether to continue in own country or to go abroad is a major decision. Please Login. Proper planning ensures that the best strategies and decisions are made to fulfil organizational goals. Although planning has lots of advantages for any organization aiming to achieve its goals; it also has certain constraints or limitations. Decision-making is defined as the process by which different possible solutions or alternatives are identified and the most feasible solution or course of action is finalized. Reflecting on shared decision making: A reflection‐quantification study ... be addressed, and why this treatment plan makes sense) to invite reflection before using the whole scale. Planning helps in increasing efficiency by aiming at cost-reduction and generating maximum output. single use plans or ongoing plans. A realistic look must be taken at the prospect of these new opportunities and SWOT analysisshould be done. Short-term goals can be for less than a year and long-term goals are defined for a time-period of more than a year. It not only helps in identifying problems but also solving them by making correct and fast decisions. Planning demands thinking and implementing the best ideas or strategies for organizational success. Major decisions are those which require much time, effort, and thinking to finalize and have a long-term impact. The next step in the planning process is interpreting information as per goals. Making effective and right decisions in an organization is essential to achieve goals. Example of the decision-making process is shown in the below visual presentation to solve the problem of high employee turnover in an organization; The quality of decisions depends on how much time has been devoted to making decisions. Decision making refers here to all organisational processes that allow the organisation to make a qualified choice between different options regarding operational and organisational decisions. Decision-making task is performed at all levels of organization i.e. A process like planning is aimed at achieving something. These are the most important aspects of management functions. Planning paves a path for supervising subordinates, providing right instructions, and rendering top-notch guidance. So, it indicates the commitment of desired results. Planning and Decision Making Introduction Planning & Decision Making Self Reflection: Planning and Decision Making. There are three areas that we often find are missing when teams develop a strategic plan: Both supervisors and subordinates are encouraged to exploit their creative skills and present their innovative plans. Performance of staff can be controlled or improved by devising plans for improvement in performance according to the variance in performance plans and actual performance at work. if everything is going as per the plan, different internal and external factors influencing decisions, the performance of subordinates as expected etc. This sample essay on Decision Making Reflection offers an extensive list of facts and arguments related to it. Planning requires a series of decisions to be incorporated in advance. Project in an organization refers to the set of inter-related activities which are planned to fulfil certain goals in a specific time period at a given cost using limited resources. top, middle and bottom. decision-making through a process of reflection, so that stress and anxiety about work-related challenges can be overcome (Wa llbank, 2012). This strategic model is the self-organizing model which is based more on the value system and less on the process. The scope may vary in different functions. An important part of the planning process is to be aware of the business opportunities in the firm’s external environment as well as within the firm. It demands a lot of mental exercise and other components, i.e. Good decisions help in increasing the productivity of organizations that result in more profits. Without planning, this process of control could not be smooth. Planning is thinking of doing. Reflection paper #7 The strategic management process does not end on deciding what strategy to chase. This model is useful in making a balance between an organization’s mission and available resources as well as aligning resources to the mission. After the solution is improvised, an action plan is designed to achieve the solution. Planning predicts various risks related to business and further helps in generating action plans to control and reduce these risks. As decision-making ensures optimum utilization of resources, making the right decisions to solve problems or issues helps in achieving organizational goals and overall growth. New plans are initiated after the previous plans lapse to fulfil organizational goals. analyzing and detecting future requirements, challenges in accomplishing organizational goals, etc. The operational plan provides answers of: Non-programmed decisions are made for tough situations where defining different alternatives is a challenging task. It is an integral part of planning. Planning is one of the six management functions/processes of Henri and the management process starts with planning function in any organization. Strategic planning facilitates making short-term decisions based on long-term implications. Posted by Surender Kumar June 24, 2020 September 30, 2020. You can also use questions to reflect on decisions that resulted in a setback. Goals can be individual or team based. This motivates the staff members to contribute to decisions through brainstorming or alternatives to solve the problem. education, experience level, intelligence, etc. thank you for good notes on planning and decision making, Planning And Decision Making: Characteristics, Importance, Elements, Limitations, 4. Mission also includes an organization’s values and belief system. These are defined as a set of plans to handle different situations. Decision making is a complex process that involves giving consideration to … Different alternatives or course of actions are considered and evaluated to finalize such decisions. Introduction This essay is a reflective examination of a care episode in the domain of mental health nursing, in relation to the processes of nursing decision making, clinical reasoning, and processes associated with patient care planning and management. It requires joint efforts of the team. A supervisor has to make different plans and strategies for the smooth functioning of the department and to decide the most appropriate plan. A person decides on multiple things throughout their day, like what they should have for dinner, the clothes they should wear, or the beginning a new relationship. The reason self-reflection is so important is because it plays a pivotal role in planning and decision-making. Team goal of Human Resource Department: To ensure the development of employees by fulfilling an individual’s personal, professional needs and by meeting organizational goals. This process includes different activities in the planning process to meet organizational goals. In shared decision making (SDM), patients and clinicians work together in making decisions about health and care. These types of decisions strategically affect organizations. It is also one of the important management functions and effective decision-making leads to fulfilling expected goals by sorting out different problems related to such decisions. Different policies like an insurance policy, travel policy, HR policies are designed to facilitate smooth functioning in any organization. action plan. The Reflection Of Reflections On Planning Decisions 966 Words 4 Pages Reflections on planning decisions On completion of our initial visit, my diagnostic assessment allowed me to realise that the children were unsure of how sound travels, as out of three … However, a powerful tool for making decisions, which is sometimes overlooked, is self reflection. Gathering information like facts and figures required to achieve goals is a necessary part of planning. Risk-management is an important aspect of any organization, especially in forecasting. These decisions can be concerning: 1. strategic planning 2. local or international partnerships 3. funding decisions 4. project and programme development 5. internal structures 6. management procedures 7. communication strategies and policies For Decision Making to be effective and contributing to the orga… However, measurement challenges make it … Effective execution of these plans requires proper coordination which is possible through effective planning. Proper planning and implementation of strategies are essential for organizational success and to meet certain goals. 1 Increasingly, SDM is considered a valued component of patient‐centred and high‐quality care. To execute planned activities, decision-making is compulsory. Decisions taken have to be in the boundary or within the limits of these policies. It also clears the organization’s viewpoint on staff. Ongoing plans have a defined set of policies, rules, and procedures to achieve goals and are continued for the future as well, like a performance management system for employees. If a plan is more detailed, then the cost is high too. These decisions are generally taken by the bottom-management staff. Reflections on decision-making and planning is analytical and includes reference to conceptual understanding and skill development. Any reliance placed on such information is strictly at the risk of the user. ... As I look back now, I see some steps that I think were crucial to making a good decision: I began thinking about making a change. Plans are preliminary decisions that may be adjusted and changed by circumstances before an action is actually executed. For example: Goals are specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, and time-bound. This, of course, would include assessing how you dealt with or responded to those events, people and/or circumstances, followed by what you have learned and how you plan to use these lessons to make tomorrow better. For example, before going on a trip, we make a plan i.e. 15, No. In this step, strategies and plans are converted into actions to achieve goals. Relation Between Planning And Decision-Making. Background: Reflecting ("stop-and-think") before rating may help patients consider the quality of shared decision making (SDM) and mitigate ceiling/halo effects … routine decisions; as the decision of making an excel sheet for attendance management to keep the attendance record is an individual decision. Wherein, personal decisions are related to an individual’s decision to meet personal commitments. Due to the time limit, decision-makers are not able to collect all the necessary information that influences decisions and are, also, not able to look for more alternatives. Further steps involved are: developing a process for monitoring performance and formulating a comprehensive PMS plan. The planning process requires an appropriate or fixed financial budget for future actions. Examples of such decisions include what reports to generate from the biometric system of attendance by the HR staff. For example, conducting a campus interview decision by hiring executives is an organizational decision. Project planning includes defining goals, project schedule, resources, budget, project quality, manpower, and risk management. My research focuses on the way in which the EU directives influence planning and decision-making practices and how spatial planning can contribute to the sustainable management of … The process includes identifying problem areas in business and different scenarios- both best and worst, designing suggestions for an action plan of business in different scenarios, selecting common strategies to handle changes, and identifying common issues through which business is being affected or will be affected in the near future. -How much budget in terms of financial resources is required and available to complete activities? Decision-making results in selecting the right action among different available options. Planning With A Difference: A Reflection On Planning And Decision Making With Indigenous People In Broome, Western Australia. Strategic planning is defined as the strategies made by management to achieve its objectives. Reflective evaluation of care interventions and clinical decision making. Due to limited capital or funds in small and medium organizations, it is quite challenging to have comprehensive plans. It also includes choosing the best solution to achieve objectives. Eating is a social variable and part of our self and social identity, which also makes it a cultural variable. Minor decisions are routine decisions and don’t require much time and deep thinking. A typical self-reflection session will involve reflecting on the day’s events and circumstances. This model is more of a technical model. Routine decisions are a regular activity in an organization once identified. Decision-making is a key skill in the workplace, and is particularly important if you want to be an effective leader. Operational, Strategic, Tactical, and Contingency. These are for the long term and are centrally focused. where and when to go, how to reach the destination, the duration of the trip, where to stay and luggage to carry, etc. Buying a house is a personal decision. It aims to provide help, direction for performing various tasks, and methods for carrying out different activities. Introduction. So, with effective planning, organizations prepare themselves for any future uncertainty. Individual decisions are taken by one person i.e. Decision-making can be either positive or negative. Like purchasing stationery for different departments is a minor decision. Middle- and bottom-level management is responsible for such decisions. Decision-making process ensures better results based on the decisions made. Steps involved in strategic decision-making for formulating PMS strategy starts with identifying goal which might be retaining and motivating the quality staff. By decision-making, organizations can determine and face different problems in working. A process defines guidelines to execute different activities, i.e. Plan for a "worst case scenario" about a situation. top, middle, and bottom. Different characteristics of decision-making are mentioned below: Decision-making consists of a process to choose the best solution to a problem among available alternatives. Complexity arises in managerial work as well. Whether it is an organization or a family or an individual; all make budget plans to utilize their financial resources efficiently. There is no surety of risks in future. My Personal Reflection On Decision Making 802 Words4 Pages Decision making is a vital skill to have to succeed in today’s world. Once made, decisions are evaluated to know the progress by preparing progress reports. The planning process is defined as the steps to define goals and making the best action plans to achieve it. In summary, strategic plans provides a series of agreements about what needs to happen and also help an organizations anticipate and manage change, improve the decision-making processes, promote effective stewardship and align the board and staff. Planning requires robust analytical abilities i.e. to produce the desired output. An investment in purchasing fixed assets by organizations puts a constraint on the budget required for implementing the planning process. Self Reflection: Planning and Decision Making, The Context of Planning & Decision Making, The Process of Planning & Decision Making, Guidelines for Planning & Decision Making, Role of a Leader in Planning & Decision Making, Use of Data in Planning & Decision Making, Creating a Culture of Planning & Decision Making, Feedback Form: Planning and Decision Making. Lesson Progress. plans and actions by functions for short-term and aims at contributing to the strategic plan of an organization. Reflection: What does this mean? Planning ensures effective coordination at different levels, between various departments or functions. Thus, it encourages innovative thoughts and ideas which, in turn, help the organization to be at a competitive place in the market. money, men, material, machine, market and method are used carefully and as per requirement. These reflections communicate a moderate degree of personal engagement with the research focus and process of research, demonstrating some intellectual initiative. Though there is a scope to make changes in policies as per decision, most of the time decisions should be at par with the policy guidelines. These plans clear planned activities of departments for the near future in detail. Decision-making is a part of planning. I led a clinical research team to select an outsourcing company from three candidates each of which could conduct a clinical trial for us. So, it comes with uncertainty. This type of planning is for short duration i.e. Operating decisions are for operational functioning and on a daily basis. monthly or quarterly, half-yearly, yearly, etc. Problems are solved as per priority. Different plans made at different levels are aimed at achieving individual, departmental, and organizational goals. Decision-making is defined as the process by which different possible solutions or alternatives are identified and the most feasible solution or course of action is finalized. top, middle, and bottom as well as in different departments. The essay’s introduction, body paragraphs, and the conclusion are provided below. 14 principles of management and 5 basic functions of management. Employees resist this change due to insecurity, the uncertainty of new plans’ success, and getting used to the current plan. Most of the time decision-makers have to take decisions in a limited time frame as instructed by the management. Once the problem is identified, an effective solution is determined. The actual results of these solutions are not known as it’s based on performance in the future. Decision-making is also a time-bound process and eliminates confusions to reach a conclusion. The process of this model includes a SWOT analysis (strength, weakness, opportunity and threat), identifying goals and mission, making strategies, action plans, operational plans, budget allocation, and evaluation on yearly basis. Surplus profits help in increasing compensation benefits to employees which ultimately boosts their morale and keeps them motivated. Different alternatives are not required in these as everyone is aware of what action to take on a daily basis. tax policy, import-export policy etc. Planning is not only the base for the rest of the management functions i.e. It answers what to do to achieve the strategic objective rather than how-to-do as in case of operational plans. Planning, being a continuous function, works well in adverse situations too. After disbursing different activities and tasks, decision-making takes place to get the results of the work done. RCS … Single-use plans are developed for one-time activities or tasks like sales or marketing event or seminar. This leads to high motivation among staff and reduces turnovers of quality staff. It acts as a direction towards achieving organizational goals. apply critical reflection to inform and provide a rationale for professional decision making devise approaches to support constructive decision making with service users, where possible. So, planning helps in smooth decision-making in an organization. This step includes collecting data and information to identify a real issue or problem. An example of contingency planning can be seen in the diagram below which is a crisis situation of organization i.e. This essay is a reflective examination of a care episode in the domain of mental health nursing, in relation to the processes of nursing decision making, clinical reasoning, and processes associated with patient care planning and management. 1 INTRODUCTION. A Set of tasks are defined to handle such problems or issues and are mostly initiated by the entry-level decision-makers. However, a change in policy is a time-consuming task and requires lots of things to be considered before any change. Decisions related to policy issues are policy-related or tactical decisions. Similarly, if an organization policy says that the minimum annual salary increment of staff will be 10% of the salary then increment can’t be less than 10%. To conclude, planning is a systematic process that supports organizations to carry out all its present and future activities to achieve desired objectives. In addition, the quality of decisions also depends upon the value and belief system of the decision-makers. In Progress. So, it’s necessary to utilize and organize them efficiently to produce maximum output. Once relevant information is collected and analyzed, the next step is to formulate a plan to achieve defined goals; the plan includes identifying different activities, required resources, timelines, etc. The process of strategic planning includes vision clarity, collecting and analyzing information, strategy formulation, and implementation of strategy, evaluating, and controlling. It has a minimum of two or more alternatives or solutions to a problem so that the best can be decided. Analyzing information includes organizing collected information as per importance, identifying accuracy and relevancy of information from different sources, its unique features, sources and reliability for the organization. Both planning and decision-making are connected to each other. So, this element of planning consists of other planning elements as well. In any planning activity, the process is practical. Decision-making also provides the best solution to any problem as the best solution is decided after evaluating different available alternatives. Plan of an organization ’ s viewpoint on staff skill to have comprehensive.! It controls the wastage of available resources and their duplicity waking life and what strategies to?... Non-Monetary benefits can be overcome ( Wa llbank, 2012 ) change four years before I actually.... 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These, there are few other external factors influencing decisions, taken by a group People!
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